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it doesn ’t add the argument。
B o o l e a n *Adds all the elements in the argument。 Returns true if any elements
a d d A l l ( C o l l e c t i o n ) were added。
v o i d c l e a r ( ) *Removes all the elements in the Collection。
Boolean contains(Object) True if the Collection contains the argument。
B o o l e a n True if the Collection contains all the elements in the argument。
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containsAll(Collection)
B o o l e a n i s E m p t y ( ) True if the Collection has no elements。
Iterator iterator( ) Returns an Iterator that you can use to move through the elements in
the Collection。
Boolean remove(Object) *If the argument is in the Collection; one instance of that element
is removed。 Returns true if a removal occurred。
B o o l e a n *Removes all the elements that are contained in the argument。
removeAll(Collection) Returns true if any removals occurred。
B o o l e a n *Retains only elements that are contained in the argument (an
retainAll(Collection) “intersection” from set theory)。 Returns true if any changes
occurred。
i n t s i z e ( ) Returns the number of elements in the Collection。
O b j e c t ' ' t o A r r a y ( ) Returns an array containing all the elements in the Collection。
O b j e c t ' ' Returns an array containing all the elements in the Collection;
t o A r r a y ( O b j e c t ' ' a ) whose type is that of the array a rather than plain Object (you must
cast the array to the right type)。
*This is an “optional ” method; which means it might not be
implemented by a particular Collection。 If not; that method throws
an U n s u p p o r t e d O p e r a t i o n E x c e p t i o n 。 Exceptions will be covered in
Chapter 9。
boolean add(Object) *保证集合内包含了自变量。如果它没有添加自变量,就返回false (假)
boolean addAll(Collection) *添加自变量内的所有元素。如果没有添加元素,则返回true (真)
void clear() *删除集合内的所有元素
boolean contains(Object) 若集合包含自变量,就返回“真”
boolean containsAll(Collection) 若集合包含了自变量内的所有元素,就返回“真”
boolean isEmpty() 若集合内没有元素,就返回“真”
Iterator iterator() 返回一个反复器,以用它遍历集合的各元素
boolean remove(Object) *如自变量在集合里,就删除那个元素的一个实例。如果已进行了删除,就返回
“真”
boolean removeAll(Collection) *删除自变量里的所有元素。如果已进行了任何删除,就返回“真”
boolean retainAll(Collection) *只保留包含在一个自变量里的元素(一个理论的“交集”)。如果已进
行了任何改变,就返回“真”
int size() 返回集合内的元素数量
Object'' toArray() 返回包含了集合内所有元素的一个数组
*这是一个“可选的”方法,有的集合可能并未实现它。若确实如此,该方法就会遇到一个
UnsupportedOperatiionException,即一个“操作不支持”违例,详见第9 章。
下面这个例子向大家演示了所有方法。同样地,它们只对从集合继承的东西有效,一个ArrayList 作为一种
“不常用的分母”使用:
//: Collection1。java
// Things you can do with all Collections
package c08。newcollections;
import java。util。*;
public class Collection1 {
// Fill with 'size' elements; start
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// counting at 'start':
public static Collection
fill(Collection c; int start; int size) {
for(int i = start; i 《 start + size; i++)
c。add(Integer。toString(i));
return c;
}
// Default to a 〃start〃 of 0:
public static Collection
fill(Collection c; int size) {
return fill(c; 0; size);
}
// Default to 10 elements:
public static Collection fill(Collection c) {
return fill(c; 0; 10);
}
// Create & upcast to Collection:
public static Collection newCollection() {
return fill(new ArrayList());
// ArrayList is used for simplicity; but it's
// only seen as a generic Collection
// everywhere else in the program。
}
// Fill a Collection with a range of values:
public static Collection
newCollection(int start; int size) {
return fill(new ArrayList(); start; size);
}
// Moving through a List with an iterator:
public static void print(Collection c) {
for(Iterator x = c。iterator(); x。hasNext();)
System。out。print(x。next() + 〃 〃);
System。out。println();
}
public static void main(String'' args) {
Collection c = newCollection();
c。add (〃ten〃);
c。add(〃eleven〃);
print(c);
// Make an array from the List:
Object'' array = c。toArray();
// Make a String array from the List:
String'' str =
(String'')c。toArray(new String'1');
// Find max and min elements; this means
// different things depending on the way
// the parable interface is implemented:
System。out。println(〃Collections。max(c) = 〃 +
Collections。max(c));
System。out。println(〃Collections。min(c) = 〃 +
Collections。min(c));
// Add a Collection to another Collection
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c。addAll(newCollection());
print(c);
c。remove(〃3〃); // Removes the first one
print(c);
c。remove(〃3〃); // Removes the second one