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399
writer。Write（processor。Process（reader。ReadToEnd（）））
If TypeOf processor Is IExtendedProcessor Then
writer。Write（DirectCast（processor； IExtendedProcessor）。Destroy（））
End If
End Sub
End Module
In the solution； the processor interface is tested to see if the interface is an instance of
IExtendedProcessor。 If so； then the Initialize（） and Destroy（） methods can be called。
Extending interfaces and extending those classes that consume the old and new interfaces
at the same time is keeping backward…patibility。 Backward…patibility is an important
concept； because it implies you can gradually introduce new functionality into a working
application without breaking old functionality。
Keeping backward…patibility without breaking working functionality is difficult； and
there is a point where adding new functionality bees too plicated。 Once you reach this
stage； you need to break backward…patibility by doing the following：
Public Interface IExtendedProcessor
Function Initialize（） As String
Function Destroy（） As String
Function Process（ByVal input As String） As String
End Interface
_
Public Interface IProcessor
Function Process（ByVal input As String） As String
End Interface
The example will break backward…patibility due to the Obsolete attribute being associated
with the IProcessor interface。 Thus； when any class or interface references the IProcessor
interface； a pile error results。 The second parameter of Obsolete is true； which forces the
piler error。 If you left out that parameter； when the interface is referenced； a piler
warning； rather than a warning； is generated。
The IExtendedProcessor interface does not subclass IProcessor and includes the method
Process（）。 Thus； there are no dependencies between IExtendedProcessor and IProcessor； and
all functionality in the application must use IExtendedProcessor rather than IProcessor。
■Note Breaking backward…patibility is a major step； because your code cries that some code is broken
and requires alteration。 However； sometimes you will need to break code； and when you do； make sure that
the code cries “broken！” very loud。 Otherwise； you might get unexpected errors。
Now that we’ve updated the Bootstrap class and added the IExtendedProcessor interface；
all of the samples in Chapter 10 will continue to function； and we can implement the frequency
solution。
…………………………………………………………Page 422……………………………………………………………
400 CH AP T E R 1 5 ■ L E A R N I N G A B OU T L I N Q
Implementing a Frequency Solution
The solution that we want to use is to read in the text； convert the text into binary objects；
calculate some statistics； and finally write out the text。 The interesting part of this solution is
that pieces of it have already been written。 If you remember in Chapter 10； there was a require
ment to convert the lottery draws into binary form。 That code will be borrowed to implement
the statistics functionality。
The statistics console application （ FrequencyProcessor） requires an IExtendedProcessor
implementation。 The following is the plete implementation （note the imports from
Chapter 10’s example）。
Imports LottoLibrary
Imports ReaderWriter
Imports System
Imports System。Collections。Generic
Imports System。IO
Imports System。Linq
Imports System。Text
Friend Class LottoTicketProcessor
Implements IExtendedProcessor
Private _tickets As List（Of Ticket） = New List（Of Ticket）（）
Public Function Destroy（） As String Implements IExtendedProcessor。Destroy
Dim builder As New StringBuilder（）
Dim c1 As Integer
For c1 = 1 To 46 1
builder。Append（〃Number （〃 & c1 & 〃） Found （〃）
Dim foundCount As Integer = 0
builder。Append（（（foundCount ＋ FrequencyOfANumber（c1）） & 〃）〃 & ChrW（10）））
Next c1
Return builder。ToString（）
End Function
Private Function FrequencyOfANumber（ByVal numberToSearch As Integer） As Integer
Dim query = From ticket In _tickets _
Where ticket。Numbers（0） = numberToSearch _
Or ticket。Numbers（1） = numberToSearch _
Or ticket。Numbers（2） = numberToSearch _
Or ticket。Numbers（3） = numberToSearch _
Or ticket。Numbers（4） = numberToSearch _
Or ticket。Numbers（5） = numberToSearch _
Select ticket。Numbers
Return query。Count（）
End Function
…………………………………………………………Page 423……………………………………………………………
CH AP T E R 1 5 ■ L E A R N I N G A B OU T L I N Q 401
Public Function Initialize（） As String Implements IExtendedProcessor。Initialize
Return 〃〃
End Function
Public Function Process（ByVal input As String） As String _
Implements IProcessor。Process
Dim reader As TextReader = New StringReader（input）
Do While reader。Peek …1
Dim splitUpText As String（） = reader。ReadLine。Split（New Char（） ｛〃 〃c｝）
Dim dateSplit As String（） = splitUpText（0）。Split（New Char（） ｛〃。〃c｝）
Dim ticket As New Ticket（ _
New DateTime（ _